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Exercise Malabar is a trilateral naval exercise involving the United States, Japan, India as permanent partners. Originally only a bilateral exercise between India and the U.S., Japan became a permanent partner of the exercise in 2015. Past non-permanent participants are Australia and Singapore. The annual Malabar series began in 1992, and includes diverse activities, ranging from fighter combat operations from aircraft carriers, through Maritime Interdiction Operations Exercises. ==History and Current scenario== Three exercises were conducted prior to 1998, when the Americans suspended exercises after India tested nuclear weapons. However, Washington renewed military contacts following the September 11 attacks when India joined President George W Bush's campaign against international terrorism. In 2002, the exercises comprised basic passing maneuvers among naval vessels, anti-submarine exercises and replenishment-at-sea drills. In 2003, US warships, , ; US submarine ; Indian guided missile frigates, INS ''Brahmaputra'' and INS ''Ganga''; Indian submarine INS ''Shalki'' and several aircraft conducted anti-submarine warfare tactics. In 2004, Malabar participants included advanced assets like the USS Paul F. Foster (DD-964), , a ''Los Angeles''-class submarine, US Navy P-3C Orion maritime patrol aircraft, and the SH-60B Seahawk LAMPS MKIII helicopter. This enabled both navies to engage in submarine familiarization exercises, a key capability for anti-submarine warfare collaboration. In 2005, Malabar featured the participation of the aircraft carriers and INS ''Viraat''. During a month of operations, US and Indian forces collaborated on a wide variety of tasks ranging from a joint diving salvage operation to a 24-hour 'war at sea' simulation that saw the two forces engage in mock combat.〔http://in.rediff.com/news/2005/sep/29navy.htm More than expected achieved during Indo-US naval exercises〕〔http://specials.rediff.com/news/2006/may/31sld04.htm Interview with Admiral Gary Roughead, Commander, US Pacific Fleet〕 In 2006, the Expeditionary Strike Group (BOXESG) comprising thirteen ships including amphibious ships, cruisers, destroyers, and the US submarine as well as Marines from the 15th Marine Expeditionary Unit (MEU) participated in the exercise. It was the first time a U.S. Expeditionary Strike Group (ESG) led the exercise. The addition of the U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Midgett (WHEC 726) and an Indian Coast Guard Patrol Ship allowed for the exchange of Coast Guard practices between nations in maritime law enforcement, anti-piracy operations, pollution control, search and rescue, and VBSS support. During the second phase, BOXESG pulled into several Indian ports, including Mumbai and Goa. The stop offered BOXESG a chance to experience Indian culture, re-supply and support a Habitat for Humanity project. The visit also gave leadership a chance to discuss future Malabar exercises and interoperability between the three nation's armed forces. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Exercise Malabar」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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